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In this tutorial for C#, you'll use Visual Studio to create and run a console app and explore some features of the Visual Studio integrated development environment (IDE) while you do so.
Stackify was founded in 2012 with the goal to create an easy to use set of tools for developers to improve their applications. Now over 1,200 organizations in nearly 60 countries rely on Stackify’s tools to provide critical application performance and code insights so they can deploy better applications faster. This tutorial shows how to develop a simple application using Visual Studio 2017. We’ll go through how to install Visual Studio with the workloads you’ll need to build this C console app and introduce you to the debugger. Time to Complete. A simple application written in.
If you haven't already installed Visual Studio, go to the Visual Studio downloads page to install it for free.
If you haven't already installed Visual Studio, go to the Visual Studio downloads page to install it for free.
Create a project
To start, we'll create a C# application project. The project type comes with all the template files you'll need, before you've even added anything!
- Open Visual Studio 2017.
- From the top menu bar, choose File > New > Project.(Alternatively, press Ctrl+Shift+N).View and Download Raspberry Pi user manual online. Raspberry Pi Motherboard pdf manual download. If you needed to set the Raspberry Pi to use a manual network configuration in other distributions, this is the place to do the same in Rasbmc. Page 124 R A S P B E R R Y P I U S E R G U I D E Figure 7-7: Configuring Rasbmc in the Settings menu. Raspberry pi manual download. Raspberry Pi User Guide.indd 12 14:44. Page 13 Probably the most important command in any Unix-like system is man, since it is the key to understanding every other command. Take time to become familiar with the structure and language used and it will make life easier in the future. Raspberry Pi User Guide.indd 13 14:44. Download The Complete Raspberry Pi Manual 2019 magazine for free from ebook3000.biz. To download click on the following link. The Pi 3 has also added built-in wireless capabilities, which makes connecting to Wi-Fi and Bluetooth a cinch. The new BCM2837 chip is the heart of the Raspberry Pi 3, a modiied version of the BCM2836 chip from the old Raspberry Pi 2. Raspberry Pi Documentation This is the official documentation for the Raspberry Pi, written by the Raspberry Pi Foundation with community contributions. Setup / Quickstart.
- In the left pane of the New Project dialog box, expand C#, and then choose .NET Core. In the middle pane, choose Console App (.NET Core). Then name the file Calculator.
Add a workload (optional)
If you don't see the Console App (.NET Core) project template, you can get it by adding the .NET Core cross-platform development workload. Here's how.
Option 1: Use the New Project dialog box
- Choose the Open Visual Studio Installer link in the left pane of the New Project dialog box.
- The Visual Studio Installer launches. Choose the .NET Core cross-platform development workload, and then choose Modify.
Option 2: Use the Tools menu bar
- Cancel out of the New Project dialog box and from the top menu bar, choose Tools > Get Tools and Features.
- The Visual Studio Installer launches. Choose the .NET Core cross-platform development workload, and then choose Modify.
- Open Visual Studio 2019.
- On the start window, choose Create a new project.
- On the Create a new project window, enter or type console in the search box. Next, choose C# from the Language list, and then choose Windows from the Platform list.After you apply the language and platform filters, choose the Console App (.NET Core) template, and then choose Next.NoteIf you do not see the Console App (.NET Core) template, you can install it from the Create a new project window. In the Not finding what you're looking for? message, choose the Install more tools and features link.Then, in the Visual Studio Installer, choose the .NET Core cross-platform development workload.After that, choose the Modify button in the Visual Studio Installer. You might be prompted to save your work; if so, do so. Next, choose Continue to install the workload. Then, return to step 2 in this 'Create a project' procedure.
- In the Configure your new project window, type or enter Calculator in the Project name box. Then, choose Create.Visual Studio opens your new project, which includes default 'Hello World' code.
Create the app
First, we'll explore some basic integer math in C#. Then, we'll add code to create a basic calculator. After that, we'll debug the app to find and fix errors. And finally, we'll refine the code to make it more efficient.
Explore integer math
Let's start with some basic integer math in C#.
- In the code editor, delete the default 'Hello World' code.Specifically, delete the line that says,
Console.WriteLine('Hello World!');
. - In its place, type the following code:Notice that when you do so, the IntelliSense feature in Visual Studio offers you the option to autocomplete the entry.
- Choose Calculator to run your program, or press F5.A console window opens that reveals the sum of 42 + 119, which is 161.
- (Optional) You can change the operator to change the result. For example, you can change the
+
operator in theint c = a + b;
line of code to-
for subtraction,*
for multiplication, or/
for division. Then, when you run the program, the result changes, too. - Close the console window.
Add code to create a calculator
Let's continue by adding a more complex set of calculator code to your project.
- Delete all the code you see in the code editor.
- Enter or paste the following new code into the code editor:
- Choose Calculator to run your program, or press F5.A console window opens.
- View your app in the console window, and then follow the prompts to add the numbers 42 and 119.Your app should look similar to the following screenshot:
Add functionality to the calculator
Let's tweak the code to add further functionality.
Add decimals
The calculator app currently accepts and returns whole numbers. But, it will be more precise if we add code that allows for decimals.
As in the following screenshot, if you run the app and divide number 42 by the number 119, your result is 0 (zero), which isn't exact.
Let's fix the code so that it handles decimals.
- Press Ctrl + F to open the Find and Replace control.
- Change each instance of the
int
variable tofloat
.Make sure that you toggle Match case (Alt+C) and Match whole word (Alt+W) in the Find and Replace control. - Run your calculator app again and divide the number 42 by the number 119.Notice that the app now returns a decimal numeral instead of zero.
However, the app produces only a decimal result. Let's make a few more tweaks to the code so that the app can calculate decimals too.
- Use the Find and Replace control (Ctrl + F) to change each instance of the
float
variable todouble
, and to change each instance of theConvert.ToInt32
method toConvert.ToDouble
. - Run your calculator app and divide the number 42.5 by the number 119.75.Notice that the app now accepts decimal values and returns a longer decimal numeral as its result.(We'll fix the number of decimal places in the Revise the code section.)
Debug the app
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We've improved on our basic calculator app, but it doesn't yet have fail safes in place to handle exceptions, such as user input errors.
For example, if you try to divide a number by zero, or enter an alpha character when the app expects a numeric character (or vice versa), the app stops working and returns an error.
Let's walk through a few common user input errors, locate them in the debugger, and fix them in the code.
Tip
For more information about the debugger and how it works, see the First look at the Visual Studio debugger page.
Fix the 'divide by zero' error
When you try to divide a number by zero, the console app freezes. Visual Studio then shows you what's wrong in the code editor.
Let's change the code to handle this error.
- Delete the code that appears directly between
case 'd':
and the comment that says// Wait for the user to respond before closing
. - Replace it with the following code:After you add the code, the section with the
switch
statement should look similar to the following screenshot:
Now, when you divide any number by zero, the app will ask for another number. Even better: It won't stop asking until you provide a number other than zero.
Fix the 'format' error
If you enter an alpha character when the app expects a numeric character (or vice versa), the console app freezes. Visual Studio then shows you what's wrong in the code editor.
To fix this error, we must refactor the code that we've previously entered.
Revise the code
Rather than rely on the
program
class to handle all the code, we'll divide our app into two classes: Calculator
and Program
.The
Calculator
class will handle the bulk of the calculation work, and the Program
class will handle the user interface and error-capturing work.Let's get started.
- Delete everything after the following code block:
- Next, add a new
Calculator
class, as follows: - Then, add a new
Program
class, as follows: - Choose Calculator to run your program, or press F5.
- Winzip registration code crack. Follow the prompts and divide the number 42 by the number 119. Your app should look similar to the following screenshot:Notice that you have the option to enter more equations until you choose to close the console app. And, we've also reduced the number of decimal places in the result.
Close the app
- If you haven't already done so, close the calculator app.
- Close the Output pane in Visual Studio.
- In Visual Studio, press Ctrl+S to save your app.
- Close Visual Studio.
Code complete
During this tutorial, we've made a lot of changes to the calculator app. The app now handles computing resources more efficiently, and it handles most user input errors.
Here's the complete code, all in one place:
Next steps
Congratulations on completing this tutorial! To learn even more, continue with the following tutorials.